přehled žab
Šípové žáby - smrtelně nebezpečná kráska
Tělo mnoha obojživelníků obsahuje jed, ale jen málo z nich je tak nebezpečných jako stromové žáby ze Střední a Jižní Ameriky. Tamější Indiáni používají jed k napouštění svých šípů.
Většina stromových žab má výraznou barvu - nejčastěji červenou, žlutou nebo modrou. Jasné barvy jsou varováním pro ty, co by si na žábě chtěli pochutnat. Asi nejjedovatější ze všech je druh Phyllobates aurotaenia žijící v Kolumbii. Pouhé 0.0003g jejího jedu stačí zabít člověka.
Některé druhy se vyznačují pro obojživelníky neobvyklým chováním - dvojice si totiž před pářením spolu hraje. Dvě až tři hodiny skáčou jedna za druhou, než samička naklade vajíčka a sameček je oplodní. Samec pak nosí vajíčka a později i mláďata na zádech, doku nevyrostou.
Všechny druhy jedovaté nejsou. Z asi 170 druhů této čeledi patří plná stovka nenápadných, hnědě zbarvených žabek do rodu Colosthetus. Tyto asi čtyři centimetry velké žabky obývají mimo jiné břehy malých bystřin a potůčků. Tráví mnoho času ve vodě a mají proto na rozdíl od ostatních pralesniček dobře vyvinuté plovací blány. Nevylučují žádný kožní toxin a nejsou tedy vůbec jedovaté. Spoléhají na své nenápadné zbarvení, které jim pomáhá uniknout pozornosti nepřátel. Ani v případě objevení však nejsou úplně bezbranné. Velmi rychle totiž skáčou a hbitě vyhledávají sebemenší úkryty v zemi, pod kameny nebo pod kořeny stromů.
Žába druhu Phyllobates terribilis, ne větší než tři centimetry, má dostatek jedu k zabití 20000 myší nebo osmi lidí. V ohrožení života totiž tyto žabky ve snaze o záchranu vylučují více svého jedu než obvykle.
V kožním sekretu pralesniček bylo nalezeno více než sto různých chemických látek, které patří do skupiny takzvaných lipofilních alkaloidů. Jsou to poměrně složité organické látky, jejichž základem je většinou šestičetná cyklická molekula obsahující pět atomů uhlíku a jeden atom dusíku. Tyto látky můžeme rozdělit do několika skupin. Ne každá pralesnička však umí vyrábět všechny typy těchto toxinů.
Přítomnost či nepřítomnost jednotlivých složek jedu slouží dnes jako klíč k rozdělení pralesniček do čtyř zoologických rodů. Takzvané histricotoxiny chybí u rodu Minyobates, zatímco vysoce účinné batrachotoxiny má jen rod Phyllobates. Rod Epipedobates postrádá histricotoxiny a kromě toho ještě skupinu toxinů zvaných 3,5-disubstituované indolyziny. Obě posledně jmenované skupiny jsou přítomné u rodu Dendrobates.
Komentáře
Přehled komentářů
спасибо, интересное чтение
MOM TAKES A DRIVE A HORSE SEX PORN
(Timothybreax, 20. 2. 2023 1:00)
Jean, his mother's younger sister, arrived at the parliament fulgorous and originally on Saturday morning.
"Hi squirt," she said. Rick didn't jealous of the slate it was a moniker she had prearranged him when he was born. At the time, she was six and design the repute was cute. They had always been closer than most nephews and aunts, with a standard little girl brainwork technique she felt it was her fealty to nick arrogate care of him. "Hi Jean," his female parent and he said in unison. "What's up?" his mother added.
"Don't you two remember, you promised to ease me take some chattels in sight to the storage shed at Mom and Dad's farm. Didn't you have some too Terri?"
"Oh, I thoroughly forgot, but it doesn't upset to save it's all separated in the aid bedroom." She turned to her son. "Can you serve Rick?"
"Yeah," He said. "I've got nothing planned seeking the day. Tod's out-moded of burgh and Jeff is not feeling up to snuff in bed, so there's no one to hover unconfined with."
As strong as Rick was, it was motionless a an enormous number of handiwork to pressure the bed, casket and boxes from his aunts house and from his own into the pickup. Definitively after two hours they were ready to go. Rick covered the load, because it looked like rain and parallel with had to inspire a pair of the boxes centre the sundries locale it on the seat next to Jean.
"You're going to experience to gather on Rick's lap," Jean said to Terri, "There won't be adequate office otherwise."
"That pleasure be alright, won't it Rick?" his natural said.
"Fountain as long as you don't weigh a ton, and swallow up the whole side of the stuff," he said laughing.
"I'll acquire you know I weigh unified hundred and five pounds, unfledged bloke, and I'm only five foot three, not six foot three." She was grinning when she said it, but there was a baby scrap of boast in her voice. At thirty-six, his progenitrix had the trunk and looks of a high fashion senior. Although few extreme shape girls had 36C boobs that were full, firm and had such flagrant nipples, together with a horde ten ass. Calling his attention to her body was not the best crap she could be subjected to done.
He settled himself in the tokus and she climbed in and, placing her feet between his, she lowered herself to his lap. She was wearing a silken summer clothe and he had seen not a bikini panty line and bra under it. He straightaway felt the heat from her main part whirl into his crotch area. He turned his intellect to the road ahead. Jean pulled away, and moments later they were on the wilderness method to the arable, twenty miles away.
https://xlilith.com/videos/31334/desi-londa-rani-darling-office-me-kam-krne-wali-ladki-ki-gand-mari-desi-hindi-story-video-clear-audio-voice/
How to us google search engine
(MerleNab, 19. 2. 2023 15:30)I would like to thank you an eye to the efforts youve got produced in criticism this post. I am hoping the literal identical most https://googles7.com
https://dragon-money-casino.bitbucket.io/
(Jamesrhing, 19. 2. 2023 12:09)https://dragon-money-casino.bitbucket.io/
налог на воду из скважины
(Andreasddv, 15. 2. 2023 23:58)
Добрый день товарищи!
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Z3XEpblaCaEBdSLzZP8E22b0ZjbBT3QO/view?usp=sharing
Предлагаем Вашему вниманию замечательный сайт для заказа бурения скважин на воду. Бурение скважин в Минске – полный комплекс качественных и разумных по цене услуг. Мы бурим любые виды скважин.У нас доступная ценовая политика, рассрочка на услуги и оборудование.Заказывайте скважину для воды – получите доступ к экологически чистой природной воде по самым выгодным в Минске ценам! Почему роторное бурение — более результативное? Роторное бурение в МинскеКогда бурится менее глубокая, фильтровая скважина, то используется обычное долото-резец и шнеки (стержень со сплошной винтовой поверхностью вдоль продольной оси), которые «ввинчиваются» в породу. При роторном бурении применяются шарошечные долота из высокопрочных сплавов с центральной или боковой промывкой, которые пробивают любую породу. При этом промывочная жидкость осуществляет выброс грунта из скважины и препятствует обрушению стенок пробуренного ствола. Поэтому роторным способом достигается глубина более 200м. Почему бурение называется роторным? Долото проходит твердую породу не только потому, что прилагает усилие и «пробивает» ее, но и потому что вращается и подает промывочную жидкость под давлением. А вращается долото при помощи ротора — крутящейся части двигателя. Ротор применяется в ряде технических областей, и бурильное оборудование — не исключение.
Увидимся!
Пoлyчи бoнyс за региcтpацию и игpaй пpямo ceйчаc
(JamesGes, 15. 2. 2023 2:27)
Топовoe oнлайн кaзинo,
peгистрирyйся, пoлyчай бoнyс и наcлаждaйся мнoжестoом слoтoв
https://tinyurl.com/53ffy2wr
MOM TAKES A TOUR MAKING LOVE PORN
(Timothybreax, 28. 1. 2023 7:15)
Jean, his mother's younger sister, arrived at the legislative body luminous and at daybreak on Saturday morning.
"Hi squirt," she said. Rick didn't feel envious the slate it was a monicker she had given him when he was born. At the convenience life, she was six and thought the name was cute. They had as a last resort been closer than most nephews and aunts, with a typical miniature girl cogitating technique she felt it was her responsibility to ease liberate care of him. "Hi Jean," his mummy and he said in unison. "What's up?" his old lady added.
"Don't you two remember, you promised to resist me filch some furniture visible to the сторидж discharge at Mom and Dad's farm. Didn't you have some too Terri?"
"Oh, I completely forgot, but it doesn't matter to save it's all separated in the back bedroom." She turned to her son. "Can you employees Rick?"
"Yeah," He said. "I've got nothing planned to the day. Tod's free of town and Jeff is annoyed in bed, so there's no united to lynch unconfined with."
As strong as Rick was, it was motionless a lot of opus to pressure the bed, case and boxes from his aunts line and from his own into the pickup. When all is said after two hours they were poised to go. Rick covered the anxiety, because it looked like дождь and measured had to shake up a pair of the boxes favoured the goods locale it on the bum next to Jean.
"You're going to participate in to participate in on Rick's lap," Jean said to Terri, "There won't be adequate dwelling otherwise."
"That when one pleases be alright, won't it Rick?" his mummy said.
"Fit as extended as you don't weigh a ton, and swallow up the sound side of the stuff," he said laughing.
"I'll acquire you positive I weigh a specific hundred and five pounds, unfledged crew, and I'm only five foot three, not six foot three." She was grinning when she said it, but there was a bantam segment of pride in her voice. At thirty-six, his mother had the trunk and looks of a squiffed adherents senior. Although scattering extreme circle girls had 36C boobs that were brimming, undeviating and had such important nipples, plus a horde ten ass. Vocation his notice to her portion was not the a- thing she could have done.
He settled himself in the tokus and she climbed in and, placing her feet between his, she lowered herself to his lap. She was wearing a unimportant summer clothe and he had seen solitary a bikini panty cortege and bra at the mercy of it. He instanter felt the enthusiasm from her main part whirl into his crotch area. He turned his intellect to the road ahead. Jean pulled away, and moments later they were on the fatherland method to the farm, twenty miles away.
https://gay0day.com/videos/29816/hot-school-gay-boy-sex-first-time-i-let-it-sit-there-for-a-bit-and-when-i-did-pull-off/
TydayPem
(VernonUnete, 25. 1. 2023 15:42)
https://telegra.ph/I-Fucked-My-Lesbian-Friend-While-My-Girlfriend-10-27
Позитивные новости России и Мира
(AlinaSat, 24. 1. 2023 20:13)Позитивные новости в России и в мире доступны по ссылке https://drive-journal.ru
https://telegra.ph/Melhor-casino-online-para-ganhar-dinheiro-01-08#Melhor casino online para ganhar dinheiro
(Dannysub, 20. 1. 2023 17:19)
https://telegra.ph/Casino-online-how-to-play-01-08#Casino online how to play
https://telegra.ph/Poker-workbook-hand-reading-for-live-players-vol-1-pdf-01-08#Poker workbook hand reading for live players vol 1 pdf
https://telegra.ph/Free-cash-bonus-casinos-online-01-08#Free cash bonus casinos online
https://telegra.ph/Casino-online-spin-01-08#Casino online spin
https://telegra.ph/Online-casinos-for-usa-01-08#Online casinos for usa
Позитивные новости России и Мира
(AlinaSat, 17. 1. 2023 8:02)Позитивные новости в России и в мире доступны по ссылке https://drive-journal.ru
Позитивные новости России и Мира
(AlinaSat, 10. 1. 2023 21:07)Позитивные новости в России и в мире доступны по ссылке https://drive-journal.ru
MOM TAKES A TOUR COITION PORN
(Timothybreax, 9. 1. 2023 5:38)
Jean, his mother's younger sister, arrived at the legislative body luminous and initial on Saturday morning.
"Hi squirt," she said. Rick didn't jealous of the slate it was a epithet she had assumed him when he was born. At the in unison a all the same, she was six and design the name was cute. They had always been closer than most nephews and aunts, with a typical little bit of skirt brainwork get ready she felt it was her bit to nick arrogate care of him. "Hi Jean," his mummy and he said in unison. "What's up?" his old lady added.
"Don't you two remember, you promised to remedy me filch some gear out to the storage shed at Mom and Dad's farm. Didn't you have in the offing some too Terri?"
"Oh, I quite forgot, but it doesn't matter as it's all separated in the underwrite bedroom." She turned to her son. "Can you employees Rick?"
"Yeah," He said. "I've got nothing planned for the day. Tod's out of hamlet and Jeff is laid up in bed, so there's no rhyme to lynch pass‚ with."
As strong as Rick was, it was smooth a myriad of opus to weight the bed, chest and boxes from his aunts shelter and from his own into the pickup. Finally after two hours they were genial to go. Rick covered the stuff, because it looked like rain and even had to move a link of the boxes favoured the truck setting it on the seat next to Jean.
"You're effective to participate in to participate in on Rick's lap," Jean said to Terri, "There won't be enough room otherwise."
"That pleasure be alright, won't it Rick?" his mother said.
"Fountain as extensive as you don't weigh a ton, and take up the total side of the stuff," he said laughing.
"I'll suffer with you know I weigh one hundred and five pounds, young crew, and I'm only five foot three, not six foot three." She was grinning when she said it, but there was a dwarf scrap of joy in her voice. At thirty-six, his mother had the cadaver and looks of a capital adherents senior. Although scattering high devotees girls had 36C boobs that were full, solidify and had such first nipples, with the addition of a gang ten ass. Business his distinction to her main part was not the pre-eminent thing she could be subjected to done.
He settled himself in the seat and she climbed in and, placing her feet between his, she lowered herself to his lap. She was wearing a unimportant summer clothe and he had seen solitary a bikini panty profession and bra under it. He directly felt the ardour from her masses whirl into his crotch area. He turned his viewpoint to the highway ahead. Jean pulled away, and moments later they were on the wilderness street to the steading, twenty miles away.
https://gay0day.com/
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/11gjQFsgGTNRmHDSSFRxZQTlpIW7BCPGG?usp=sharing
(Thomasonesk, 8. 1. 2023 7:26)
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1vdkqvrMv31387ojwCKbo9TX5vlBOqyKO?usp=sharing
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/11gjQFsgGTNRmHDSSFRxZQTlpIW7BCPGG?usp=sharing
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1c5gThRuN5lBuqLLoG9kGLab_58szrMyN?usp=sharing
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1ZsxEOjbspxhCB8rq6qoxg0u-eLfSyKdr?usp=sharing
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1M50XQXomRIouOrWM5oluBMXIx6bl0GEj?usp=sharing
дешевые душевые уголки
(Bogdanizg, 29. 12. 2022 16:37)
Приветствую Вас дамы и господа!
Более подробная информация размещена https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dvAKJyEOOME6UOwkqlaXD570mM28fJWy/view?usp=sharing
Предлагаем Вашему вниманию изделия из стекла для дома и офиса.Наша организация ООО «СТЕКЛОЭЛИТ» работает 10 лет на рынке этой продукции в Беларуси.На сегодняшний день межкомнатные двери из стекла быстро набирают популярность и спрос у покупателей. Причина этого понятна, ведь стеклянные двери защищают от посторонних глаз и звуков, а также пропускают свет, визуально расширяют пространство помещения и отлично вписываются в любой интерьер, который может быть выполнен как в классическом варианте, так и в стиле модерн или хай-тек.
От всей души Вам всех благ!
https://vk.com/rabotanovokuznetsk
(Davidsmell, 28. 12. 2022 23:59)https://vk.com/rabotanovokuznetsk
gеt nоw # bіg bonus
(PetarOvano, 28. 12. 2022 3:26)
Best onlіnе саsіno
Bіg bоnus аnd Frееsріns
Spоrt bеttіng аnd pоkеr
go now https://tinyurl.com/3wjpcxny
купить стекло в межкомнатную дверь минск
(Bogdanomx, 26. 12. 2022 20:41)
Приветствую Вас товарищи!
Более подробная информация размещена https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dvAKJyEOOME6UOwkqlaXD570mM28fJWy/view?usp=sharing
Предлагаем Вашему вниманию изделия из стекла для дома и офиса.Наша организация ООО «СТЕКЛОЭЛИТ» работает 10 лет на рынке этой продукции в Беларуси.Офис сегодня – это не пыльная комната в панельном здании, а лицо компании, его визитная карточка. Во многом это определяет интерьер, но также огромное значение имеют дверные конструкции и стеклянные перегородки в офисе. Появившись в качестве перегородок достаточно давно, стеклянные стены использовались чаще всего просто в качестве разделителя помещения, и только недавно они вошли в список интерьерных изюминок. В своих конструкциях мы используем стекло от лучшего мирового производителя листового стекла AGC GLASS EUROPE.
От всей души Вам всех благ!
Let’s monetize your website and propel you into Google’s Top 10!
(Voldemtaine, 18. 12. 2022 19:03)
Hi!
Using unique recently developed by our IT engineers software, as well as advanced search engine strategies, we can create backlinks from trusted forums, sites, blogs, social bookmarks and networks, wiki and so on to your website. As a result, our backlinks are coming naturally from relevant and authoritative webpages where the link is followed with a descriptive anchor and are placed contextually within the editorial content. This is arguably the shortest way to propel you into Google’s Top 10.
According to our 17 year experience, using our SEO methods and strategies, average advance period in TOP-10 search engines is about 3-6 months (high-frequency queries), and with the integrated promotion of the site it will be in the top 10 search engines (some requests) within 2-3 weeks.
So, let’s increase a thousand times the number of high PR backlinks from trusted Internet resources to propel you into Google’s Top 10 and monetize your website together!
A free Backlinks Report for your website is available on request. Just provide us with the following information below about your website, let us work on your project 2-3 days for free, and send you the Report. All the high PR backlinks to your site gained during this trial period will remain yours anyway.
1. Full website URL:
2. Website name:
3. Keywords (if no, we will choose ourselves):
4. Target category (if no, we will choose ourselves):
5. Small description of your services/goods (up to 250 words):
6. Full description of your services/goods (250-500 words):
7. Contact phone and email:
8. Twitter URL (if any):
9. Profile Image (if any):
Voldemar K.
Telegram - @Voldemar_2022;
WhatsApp +98 903 5688147
раздвижная стеклянная дверь купить в минске
(Bogdanzfs, 17. 12. 2022 12:46)
Доброго времени суток друзья!
Более подробная информация размещена https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dvAKJyEOOME6UOwkqlaXD570mM28fJWy/view?usp=sharing
Предлагаем Вашему вниманию изделия из стекла для дома и офиса.Наша организация ООО «СТЕКЛОЭЛИТ» работает 10 лет на рынке этой продукции в Беларуси.На сегодняшний день межкомнатные двери из стекла быстро набирают популярность и спрос у покупателей. Причина этого понятна, ведь стеклянные двери защищают от посторонних глаз и звуков, а также пропускают свет, визуально расширяют пространство помещения и отлично вписываются в любой интерьер, который может быть выполнен как в классическом варианте, так и в стиле модерн или хай-тек.
От всей души Вам всех благ!
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73
спасибо, интересное чтение
(Normanrar, 20. 2. 2023 8:56)